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Step 2

Early detection (screening)

Early detection – mammography and ultrasound

Regular mammographic exams help detect changes early, before they cause symptoms. As part of the national screening program, women aged 50–69 receive invitations every 2 years. is also recommended for younger women depending on risk factors, and covers costs outside the screening program – with a doctor's referral.

Who and how often?

As part of the national screening program, women aged 50–69 receive an invitation for mammography every 2 years. It is recommended to start mammographic exams earlier (from age 40 depending on risk factors), and women 70+ can continue regular exams. covers costs outside the screening program with a referral.

Where is it done?

Health center or hospital center (radiology). Follow instructions from the screening invitation or per your doctor's referral.

How to schedule a screening exam?

If you receive an invitation – follow the instructions. If you haven't received one, you can ask your or how to register.

Result and BI-RADS

The report contains a score. Lower values are usually normal; higher values require monitoring or additional workup.

Dense tissue and US/MRI supplement

With , the radiologist may recommend additional . Breast MRI is done in a targeted manner, with radiologist indication.

Safety

The radiation dose from is low and standard for medical diagnostics. has no radiation.

What to bring and how to prepare

ID/health insurance card, old images (and reports if you have them). On examination day, avoid deodorant/powder under your arms (can create shadows on the image).

If you have symptoms

Screening is for women without symptoms. If you have a change (lump, retraction, redness, discharge), contact a doctor immediately – that's a diagnostic, not screening examination.

Does mammography hurt?

It can be uncomfortable due to brief breast compression, but it lasts very briefly. If possible, schedule the exam outside your PMS period.

Pregnancy/breastfeeding and screening?

During pregnancy, screening/mammography is not routinely done. If there's a reason, the doctor will suggest safer alternatives (e.g., ultrasound) or a special protocol.

High family risk – what then?

If you have a close relative with breast/ovarian cancer, talk to your doctor. Earlier and more frequent imaging may be possible, along with referral to specialized counseling.

When not to wait for a screening appointment?

New, hard lump or retracted nipple/skin.
Bloody or unusual discharge.
Redness, swelling, "orange peel" skin.

What to expect at mammography?

The imaging is brief. Each breast is briefly and gently compressed to get a clear image. After the examination, you receive a report and recommendation – whether everything is normal or additional imaging/follow-up is needed.

Role of ultrasound for younger women

is useful for women with denser tissue and for younger women (under 40). Done per doctor's advice or as a supplement to mammography if the finding is unclear.

Regularity is key

helps detect changes before symptoms. Note the appointment and set a reminder for the next two years, and between appointments do regular self-examination (see more in the previous step).

If the finding suggests suspicion

The radiologist will recommend additional imaging or biopsy. Then you move from screening to diagnostic workup, with clear steps and explanations (see the early diagnosis section).